Which of these effects is associated with the use of beta-adrenergic blockers?

The use of beta-adrenergic blockers is primarily associated with a decreased heart rate. Beta-blockers exert their pharmacological effects by blocking the adrenergic receptors in the heart, specifically the beta-1 receptors. This blockade reduces the influence of sympathetic nervous system stimulation, which normally increases heart rate and contractility. As a result, beta-blockers lead to a slower heart rate (bradycardia), along with a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand and workload. This makes them particularly useful in treating conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and certain types of arrhythmias.

In contrast, beta-adrenergic blockers typically do not increase cardiac contractility; instead, they can lead to a decrease in contractility. They also do not usually increase peripheral resistance; in fact, they may help to lower it over time. Regarding hyperglycemia, beta-blockers can inhibit glycogenolysis and glucagon secretion, potentially leading to lower blood sugar levels, although this effect can vary based on the type of beta-blocker used.