What medication is often prescribed to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative patients?

Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin commonly prescribed to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative patients. It works by inhibiting factor Xa and, to a lesser extent, factor IIa (thrombin), leading to a decreased tendency for blood to clot. Postoperative patients are at an increased risk for VTE due to factors such as immobility, surgical trauma, and inflammation. Enoxaparin is often recommended because it has a predictable anticoagulant response and can be administered subcutaneously, making it convenient for use in a hospital or home setting.

Other options do not serve the same purpose. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker primarily used to manage hypertension and certain heart conditions, rather than for thromboembolic prevention. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic medication used to reduce bleeding, particularly in surgical settings, but it does not prevent blood clots. Ropinirole is a dopamine agonist used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome, unrelated to VTE prevention. Thus, enoxaparin is the ideal choice for reducing the risk of thromboembolic events in patients recovering from surgery.